In the past, it was common to harvest as many fish as one could catch. That meant using the most effective means, which included flushing out fish from under rocks with pool chlorine and leaving lay/gill nets out for days.
“ We no longer live in a world of abundance but a world of scarcity.”
The actions then were taken under the premise the fish would never run out, but today we see the effects of a lack of effective management and lack of kuleana within the wider community. Today, night spearfishing continues to harvest reef fishes at unsustainable levels.
A marine managed area (MMA) aims to reverse the negative impacts of unsustainable harvest by allowing fish stocks to recover naturally via growth and reproduction.
What is an MMA?
Marine Managed Areas (MMAs) are specific geographic areas designated by statute or administrative rule for the purpose of managing a variety of marine, estuarine, or anchialine resources and their use. The resources may include any type of marine life (mammals, fishes, invertebrates, algae, etc.) and their habitats.
Some factors affecting reef health and fisheries include